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Garnet

The Garnet is the birthstone for those born in January, the zodiacal stone of Aquarius and the gem that is usually gifted for second wedding anniversaries.

The  powers attributed to garnet are very varied. They bring peace, prosperity, health, friendship, security.

The name Garnet comes from the Latin “granum” or “granatum“, (due to its resemblance of the seeds of the grenade).

Garnets are available in a rich variety of beautiful and vivid colors, where the most common being red garnet: Pyrope, Almandine and Rhodolite are the names of their reddish varieties.

While we can find green garnets, such as Tsavorite and Demantoid.

Spessartine or Spessartite and Hessonite are the orange color varieties.

Mali Garnet is the yellow color.

We also find garnets of purple, pink, brown, blue and even with change of color.

Amethyst

The Amethyst corresponds to those born in February. It is astrologically associated with the zodiacal sign of Pisces and is the gemstone that is gifted for those celebrating a 6th wedding anniversary.

Its name comes from the Greek word AMETHYSTOS (not intoxicated), it evokes the color of the wine to which water has been added to limit their negative effects.

The Romans drank from amethyst cups to protect themselves from the effects of wine, and Christian Bishops wear amethyst rings in an allusion to the sober state of the Apostles on the Pentecost Passover (Acts 2:15).

St. Valentine wore an amethyst ring, engraved with the image of Cupid.

When we speak of purple gems, the first gem we think of is the Amethyst,the purple variety of the QUARTZ. Until the 18th century, it was considered to be one of the most valuable gemstones, along with Diamonds, Rubies and Emeralds.

“Rose de France” is the  comercial name for pale lilac Amethyst and it is very popular in jewelry.

Aquamarine

The Aquamarine corresponds to those born in March, as well as a wedding gift for those celebrating their 19th wedding anniversary.

Since ancient times, its history has been linked to the sea and to sailors.

Aquamarines have been used by seamen as amulets for centuries. Sailors believed that aquamarines had magical and/or healing powers if they were carried as talismans, protecting them from the wrath of the Sea God, Poseidon, as though these gems were a gift from the seabed brought up by the sirens themselves.

Centuries ago, Aquamarines were used as an antidote to poison, as an oracle, amulet, healing stone, etc.

The Aquamarine belongs to the BERYL family, (like the Emerald, Morganite, Goshenite, Red Beryl, Green Beryl, Heliodore and Maxixe); and owes its blue-green / blue color to traces of iron.

Diamond

The diamond is the birthstone for the month of April, and it is also used as a gift on 10th and 60th wedding anniversaries. It is a gemstone that is widely used in engagement rings. In Vedic astrology, diamonds play a very important role given its relation to the planet Venus.

Diamonds are linked to eternal love, robustness and strength.

The diamond, before men learned to cut it, was used as an amulet or an instrument to create inscriptions on other diamonds.

The name for Diamonds comes from the Greek word “adamaos”, which means” invincible, hard, that which doesn’t break”. The Latin translation is “adamas”, which means “steel and diamond”.

Emerald

The Emerald is the birthstone of May. It is usually used in jewelry as a gift for the 20th and 35th wedding anniversaries. It is the zodiacal stone corresponding to Cancer. In Vedic astrology, it is associated with the planet Mercury.

It is believed that this stone was already marketed in 4000 B.C. in Babylon, and was dedicated to the goddess Venus. It is the symbol of immortality and faith.

The Emerald belongs to the BERYL family. This beautiful green colored stone owes its color to chrome (and sometimes to vanadium).

The name of the Emerald derives from a Persian word that later appeared in Greek as “smaragdos” (meaning “green colored“), and then later in Latin as “smaragdus”. The term Emerald was used to refer to a green mineral, often not in association with the Emerald we know today.

Historically, the first place that Emeralds were extracted was the mines in the Red Sea, in Egypt (the mines of Cleopatra). The exploitation of these mines can be traced back to 2000 B.C.

Alexandrite

In 1952, the Jewelers of America organization added Alexandrite as the birthstone for the month of June.

The variety of chrysoberyl with a cat’s eye effect is known as a Cymophane. The word cimófana comes from two Greek words that mean “wave” and “to appear”, making reference to its cat’s eye effect. The cat’s eye is related to a moon node in Vedic astrology.

The name chrysoberyl has a Greek origin and means “golden beryl”.

The Alexandrite is the chrysoberyl variety that shows a change in colour depending on the source of illumination it is viewed under (green in white light, and red in yellow light). It was discovered in 1831 in an emerald mining region in the Ural Mountains. It is called Alexandrite because it was discovered the same day that Russian Tsar Alexander II came of age. For this reason, and in his honour, it received the name “Alexandrite”.

Pearls

Pearls are the birthstones that correspond to the month of June. They are given as a gift to those celebrating their 3rd and 30th wedding anniversaries.

In Vedic astrology, the Pearl is related to the Moon.

Pearls are associated with purity, chastity, stability in marriage, etc.

The name comes from the Greek word margaron, which means daughter of the sea, in reference to its origin. The Latin translation of margaron is margarita (margaret).

The pearl was fashionable in both ancient Greece and in Roman times. Roman women wore earrings made with pearls in elongated shapes (pear-shaped). From there, the name went from margarita to perula, in reference to this shape. Over time, the name changed and the gem became known as a pearl.

Pearls are a miracle of nature, rare treasures that come from the bottom of the sea and have been adorning us for millennia.

In India, pearls were associated with religious beliefs and both men and women wore them. Alexander the Great spread the use of pearls in ancient Greece, where they were in fashion until the fall of the Roman Empire, when they were no longer used. During the Renaissance (15 – 17th centuries) the interest in the pearls appeared once again. At the end of the 19th – early 20th century, there was a great demand for pearls, leading to the overexploitation of natural pearl banks. This resulted in the collapse of the “proliferation” of the natural pearl and coincided with the appearance of the cultured pearl on the market (1910-1920).

The Pearl is a gem of organic animal origin. Pearls are created through a biological process that occurs as a defensive reaction of a mollusk (of lamellibranch or bivalve and gastropods classes), which isolates any foreign body that is introduced into their tissues (sand grain, fragments of shell, larvae, etc.).

Ruby

Ruby is the birthstone of July, the zodiacal stone of Capricorn, and it is usually gifted on the 15th and 40th wedding anniversaries.

In Vedic astrology, it is associated with the Sun.

It is a symbol of passion. It is associated to some powers, such as harmony, protection and wisdom. Found in the Bible, it is mentioned several times and associated with wisdom and beauty.

Ruby is the most valuable red gemological variety of the corundum. It owes its color to chrome.

The name Ruby derives from the Latin “ruber”.

Peridot

Those born in August have Peridot as their birthstone, and they are usually gifted in celebration of the 15^th wedding anniversary.

The ancient Egyptians called it “the stone of the sun,” and believed that it could keep night ghosts and evil spirits away.

The word Peridot is of French origin, but the original root comes from the Arabic “faridat” which means “treasure”. Hence its association with good fortune, luck and prosperity.

This mineral is known in Mineralogy by the name of olivine, but in gemology the name Peridot is used more frequently. The word olivine refers to the green color of the olive.

Spinel

The Spinel is the latest stone to become part of the list of birthstones. In 2016, the American Gem Trade Association included the Spinel as the birthstone of August.

In antiquity, Spinels have been owned by kings, princes and emperors; have served to fund battles, people have been killed for them, and they have been used as war booty.

As a result of all these fabulous stories, Spinels have adorned the most beautiful crowns that can be found today in the best museums around the world, although under another name: Ruby ​​(an example is the Black Prince’s Ruby, which is actually a red Spinel).

The variety of colors of a Spinel is great:

We can find it in beautiful Red colors.

As well Pink, orange (“Flame” Spinels), Blue, purple, violet, mauve, Grey, green, almost colorless, black. Sometimes it can present asterism (of 4 or 6 rays), a change of color and a cat’s eye effect.

In recent years the gray spinel are being used for engagement rings, the mount being made with a dark spinel, surrounded by a halo of diamonds.

Sapphire

The sapphire is the birthstone corresponding to the month of September, it is the zodiacal stone of Taurus and the gemstone for the fifth wedding anniversary. It symbolizes noble qualities, such as wisdom, loyalty, greatness, etc.

Two types of sapphires are used in Vedic astrology: the yellow sapphire corresponds to the planet Jupiter and the blue sapphire is related to Saturn.

Sapphires are the blue gemological variety of corundums. Sapphires, Rubies and Emeralds form one of the most important groups in terms of colored stones.

The name sapphire derives from the Latin “sapphirus”, a term that derives from a Greek word with similar pronunciation.

It was also called hyacinth, meaning “blue colored lily.”

In the Middle Ages, the old Spanish word safirí was used to refer to the blue sapphire (safirí  means “blue colored”).

There are sapphires of different colors: green, yellow, violet, pink, orange, as well as of many intermediate colors. Sapphires can show the effects of color changes and may present asterism. Orange corundum is also known as padparadscha, a term derived from the Sinhalese word that means “lotus flower.” The leuco-sapphire is a colorless sapphire.